Soul of Chemistry

 Important Questions for Third Semester Chemistry Honours Inorganic:  => Various methods of refining => Ellingham diagram => HSAB principle => Anomalous behaviour of first member of any group => Inter pair effect => Hydrides of s/p block elements => Crown ethers => Diborane => Inorganic benzene (Borazine) => Oxides and photos of nitrogen => Silane => Pseudo halogens => Carboranes => Boric acid => Methods of preparation, properties and structures of compound of xenon. => Silicone and siloxanes => Silicates => Phosphagenes Organic: => Nucleophilic substitution (SN1 and SN2) including stereochemistry and effect of solvent => Substitution vs eleimination => Mechanism of Aromatic nucleophilic substitution rection including benzyne mechanism => Relative reactivity of alkyl/allyl/benzyl, vinyl and aryl halides => All name reactions and their mechanism: Bouvelt Blanc reduction Reimer Tiemann reaction Kolbe's Schimdt

Notes on Phase Rule Introduction:   Phase rule is an important generalisation or tool which helps us to predict the condition that must be specified for a system to exhibit equilibrium.                Most importantly by the application of this rule it is possible to predict quantitatively the effect of changing pressure, temperature or concentration on a heterogeneous system at equilibrium by means of a diagram called the phase diagram.                By about 1874, G.W Gibbs formulated this rule which is F = C-P +2 or F+P = C+2 , where F = number of degrees of freedom, C= Number of components and P = number of phases. Thus phase rule states that the sum total of the number of degrees of freedom and the number of phases exceeds the number of componets by two.   1.Phase:   A phase is defined as any homogeneous and physically distinct part of the system separated by definite boundary surface and mechanically separable from other   part of the system.     Examples illustratin